Tuyere



N. A. DIDIER TUYBRE.

No. 254.433. Patented Feb. 28,1882.

., IJUNITED STAT S T Owe-5,;

NICOLAS A. DIDIER, on PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

TU YERE.

- SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 254,433, datedFebruary 28, 1882.

Application filed December 27, 1 881, (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, NICOLAS A. DIDIER, acitizen of the Republic of France, but having declared my intention ofbecoming a citizen of the United States, residingat Pittsburg, county ofAllegheny, State of Pennsylvania, have invented or discovered a new anduseful Improvement in Tuyeres; and I do hereby declare the following tobe a full, clear, concise, and exact description thereof, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of thisspecification, in which-like letters indicating like parts Figure 1 is alongitudinal sectional view of my improved furnace-tu'yere, and Fig. 2is a rear end view of the same.

My invention relates to that class of furnacetnyeres which are coveredexterior] y with a water-jacket as a protection against the destructiveaction of heat; and it consists in a tuyere or blast-pipe coveredexteriorly with two water-jackets, one of which surrounds and extendsover the front end of the other, each having a separate system ofwatersuppl y and discharge, as hereinafter more fully described andclaimed.

The class of tuyeres to which my invention relates have heretofore beensurrounded by a single water-jacket, as protection against the heat ofthe"blast acting on its inner wall and the heat of the furnace actingdirectly upon the outer wall. The supply of water, being thus exposed toheat both within and without, be-

' comes heated to a high degree very quickly, and

thus fails, in part, to afford the protection which would be securedwith water at a lower temperature. (Jonsequently the walls of'the tuyereare quickly burned through and the tuyere unfitted for use. A moreserious objection, however, with such tuyeres arises from the neces:sity practically ofshuttin g off the blast through a tuye're as soon asthe outerjacketis burned through, since it would be highly dangerous toallow water to escape into the furnace, and if thetuyere be used afterthe water-supply is shut off it is soon ruined. The purpose ofmyinvention is to obviate these difficulties, and this I do by means of atuyere, A, constructed as follows: An'inner blast-pipe, a, of the usualsize and length, is surrounded by an outer shell, 0,

of the same, or nearly the same, length, the two being connected at thepoint or nozzle by a flange, c, substantially in the manner commonlypracticed. Thespace thus inclosedbetween the inner pipe, a, and outershell, 0, is divided by an inner shell, 12, into twos'eparatewaterchambers, B and O, the inner'shell, b, being connected topipe a by flange bin substantially the same manner as shell c, but alittle distance back of the nozzlesay about equal to the radial distancebetween shells-whereby theouter chamber, 0, surrounds and covers boththe inner chamber, B, and the blast-pipe, and also extends over andcovers the front end, I), of the inner chamber. At the rear endthesechambers B and O are closed by rings E E, secured in place betweenthe pipe and shells bywatertight connections, either in the course ofmanufacture, asin casting, or subsequently by brazing or otherwise,These rings are perforated with holes a n, by preference four in each,for separate supply and discharge of water for each chamber.

In Fig. 1 I have shown a supply-pipe, F, and a discharge-pipe, F, foreach chamber, the supply-pipes extending well in toward the nozzle ofthe tuyere to insure a full supply of water at that end. I prefer,however, to employ two supply and two discharge pipes for each chamber,as indicated by the holes n a, Fig. 2, so that in case either a supplyor discharge pipe for either chamber should become choked or disabledthe free circulation of water through the tu yere will notbeinterrupted. These pipes may be secured in place in the usual or anyconvenient way, and the openings around them may be packed by a gasket,t, held against the base of the tuyere by a band, I, the latter beingsecured by bolts 8 through holes 0. The supply of water through thesepipes may be controlled byfcocks or valves in the usual way; also, theusual means may be employed for supporting my improved tuyere in placeinthe furnace-wall.

It will be observed that the inner waterchamber, B, is protected in bothits outer cylindrical surface and on its front end from the heat ofthefurnace by the outer chamber, 0; also, that this outer chamber isprotected over the greater part of its inner surface from the heat ofthe blast, and that one function of chamber B is to cool the water inchamber 0, the latter being exposed in use to the greater heat. Theinner chamber thus serves a double purpose, and by means of the mutualprotection of the two chambers the life of the tuyere is made much morethan double the life of a tuyere havingbut a single water-chamber.Furthermore, it is often very disadvantageous to shut ofl' the blast ofa tuyere at a particular time. In my improved tuyere the water-supplyfor the outer chamber maybe shut off in case the outer shell, 0 0,should be burned through, and the inner chamber, B, be still supplied,thus permitting the successful use of the tuyere until such time as maybe convenient for inserting an uninjured one, thus avoiding the dangeror necessity of stopping the blast at a critical stage. This feature ofmy improvement 1 consider very important, as the life or simple cost ofa tuyere is a small matter compared with the danger of removing andreplacingtuyeres during the blast.

Tuyeres embodying my invention may be made of any of the materialsusually employed for such purposes-such as phosphor-bronze, sheet orcast copper, cast or wrought iron, &c. and they may be used in the usualway in blast or cupola furnaces, or in other furnaces in which tuyeresare usually employed.

I claim herein as my invention Afurnace-tuyere, A, having itsblast-passage surrounded by two separate water-chambers, B and O,theouter ohamber,G, extendingover both the side wall and front end of theinner chamber, with a separate water supply and discharge for eachchamber, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

NICOLAS A. DIDIER.

Witnesses:

B. H. WHITTLESEY, O. L. PARKER.

